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LED lights may disrupt the bat signal
Light-emitting diode (LED) streetlights often draw moths and other insects into small areas at night, setting a
buffetfor nocturnal predators, but certain aspects of the lights themselves might be rendering insects
vulnerable in even more sinister ways, new research suggests. Many cities and towns are upgrading their
streetlights from power-hungry gas-vapor lamps to LEDs as a cost-saving matter. In a 4-night study
conducted at sites near Bristol, U.K., researchers mimicked one of these newfangled streetlights by placing
an array of LEDs inside a streetlight housing on top of a 4-meter tall tripod far from other sources of artificial
light.Then they used a speaker system to broadcast the feeding calls of Nyctalus noctula, a common bat ,
that feeds on beetles and moths. Analyses of videos showed that only 24% of moths that heard the bat
signals under the LED lights took evasive action, whereas 60% dove erratically when exposed to such
chirps when the lights were off, the researchers report online today in Royal Society Open Science.
The reasons aren’t clear, the researchers note, but they may stem from the broad range of wavelengths
emitted by LEDs:
Some moth species shut off their bat-avoiding behavior in the daytime, so the floodlit insects may be
interpreting LED streetlights as daylight. Such behavioral changes, besides being potentially fatal to individual
moths in the short term, may over the long term cause insect populations to drop dramatically which in turn
may decrease the food supply for furry flyers. Although some of these moths or their caterpillars are noted
agricultural pests, a decline in other insects in these groups could decrease the pollination of certain plant
species with nectar-rich flowers. Presumably, insects that can’t discern the ultrasonic calls of foraging
bats—and therefore can’t avoid the predators—won’t be directly affected by a shift to LEDs.